Naphthalene balls, also known as mothballs or camphor balls, are small white balls or discs that are commonly used as household products to repel moths, insects, and other pests. They are made from naphthalene or camphor, both of which have strong odors that insects find repellent. When placed in closets, storage areas, or other spaces, naphthalene balls release their characteristic smell, which helps to keep pests away and protect clothing, fabrics, and other stored items from damage caused by insects. Naphthalene is a solid, aromatic hydrocarbon compound derived from coal tar or petroleum. It sublimates, meaning it changes directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid phase. This sublimation process releases the odor that deters insects and pests. Camphor, on the other hand, is a white crystalline substance with a strong aromatic odor. It is derived from the wood of the camphor tree or synthesized from turpentine oil. Camphor is also known for its insect-repellent properties and has been used for centuries for various purposes, including as an ingredient in traditional medicines, as well as in religious and cultural practices.